Father of Algebra...

Muhammad ibn Musa Khwarizmi (محمد بن موسى ابو جعفر الخوارزمي - Muḥammad bin Mūsā Abū Ǧaʿfar al-Ḫawārazmī)
Born around 780, maybe in Khawarizm in Uzbekistan.
Died around 850
A Persian Islamic mathematician, astronomer and geographer.
He worked most of his life as a scholar in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.

His Algebra, written around 820, was the first book on the systematic solution of linear and quadratic equations.





The al-jabr is considered the foundational text of modern algebra. It provided an exhaustive account of solving polynomial equations up to the second degree, and introduced the fundamental methods of "reduction" and "balancing", referring to the transposition of subtracted terms to the other side of an equation, that is, the cancellation of like terms on opposite sides of the equation.

Al-Khwārizmī's method of solving linear and quadratic equations worked by first reducing the equation to one of six standard forms (where b and c are positive integers)

• squares equal roots (ax² = bx)
• squares equal number (ax² = c)
• roots equal number (bx = c)
• squares and roots equal number (ax² + bx = c)
• squares and number equal roots (ax² + c = bx)
• roots and number equal squares (bx + c = ax²)

by dividing out the coefficient of the square and using the two operations al-ǧabr (Arabic: الجبر “restoring” or “completion”) and al-muqābala ("balancing"). Al-ǧabr is the process of removing negative units, roots and squares from the equation by adding the same quantity to each side. For example, x² = 40x − 4x² is reduced to 5x² = 40x. Al-muqābala is the process of bringing quantities of the same type to the same side of the equation. For example, x² + 14 = x + 5 is reduced to x² + 9 = x.